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这种情况可以通过下载新版本php的源代码来手动编译安装，步骤比较麻烦。
这里介绍一种直接使用yum来安装新版本php7 php8的方法。
1，首先我们需要安装外部源。
执行如下命令安装外部源：
CentOS7
CentOS8
rpm -ivh --nodeps https://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/remi-release-7.rpm
CentOS8
rpm -ivh --nodeps https://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/remi-release-8.rpm
2，正常使用yum来安装php7和php8。
安装php7.4
安装php8.2
yum install php74
安装php8.2
yum install php82
查看可用的php版本
yum search php-fpm
在Centos7中目前支持的php版本如下：
php54-php-fpm.x86_64 : PHP FastCGI Process Manager
php55-php-fpm.x86_64 : PHP FastCGI Process Manager
php56-php-fpm.x86_64 : PHP FastCGI Process Manager
php70-php-fpm.x86_64 : PHP FastCGI Process Manager
php71-php-fpm.x86_64 : PHP FastCGI Process Manager
php72-php-fpm.x86_64 : PHP FastCGI Process Manager
php73-php-fpm.x86_64 : PHP FastCGI Process Manager
php74-php-fpm.x86_64 : PHP FastCGI Process Manager
php80-php-fpm.x86_64 : PHP FastCGI Process Manager
php81-php-fpm.x86_64 : PHP FastCGI Process Manager
php82-php-fpm.x86_64 : PHP FastCGI Process Manager
php83-php-fpm.x86_64 : PHP FastCGI Process Manager
php55-php-fpm.x86_64 : PHP FastCGI Process Manager
php56-php-fpm.x86_64 : PHP FastCGI Process Manager
php70-php-fpm.x86_64 : PHP FastCGI Process Manager
php71-php-fpm.x86_64 : PHP FastCGI Process Manager
php72-php-fpm.x86_64 : PHP FastCGI Process Manager
php73-php-fpm.x86_64 : PHP FastCGI Process Manager
php74-php-fpm.x86_64 : PHP FastCGI Process Manager
php80-php-fpm.x86_64 : PHP FastCGI Process Manager
php81-php-fpm.x86_64 : PHP FastCGI Process Manager
php82-php-fpm.x86_64 : PHP FastCGI Process Manager
php83-php-fpm.x86_64 : PHP FastCGI Process Manager
在CentOS8中目前支持的php版本如下：
php56-php-fpm.x86_64 : PHP FastCGI Process Manager
php70-php-fpm.x86_64 : PHP FastCGI Process Manager
php71-php-fpm.x86_64 : PHP FastCGI Process Manager
php72-php-fpm.x86_64 : PHP FastCGI Process Manager
php73-php-fpm.x86_64 : PHP FastCGI Process Manager
php74-php-fpm.x86_64 : PHP FastCGI Process Manager
php80-php-fpm.x86_64 : PHP FastCGI Process Manager
php81-php-fpm.x86_64 : PHP FastCGI Process Manager
php82-php-fpm.x86_64 : PHP FastCGI Process Manager
php83-php-fpm.x86_64 : PHP FastCGI Process Manager
php84-php-fpm.x86_64 : PHP FastCGI Process Manager
php70-php-fpm.x86_64 : PHP FastCGI Process Manager
php71-php-fpm.x86_64 : PHP FastCGI Process Manager
php72-php-fpm.x86_64 : PHP FastCGI Process Manager
php73-php-fpm.x86_64 : PHP FastCGI Process Manager
php74-php-fpm.x86_64 : PHP FastCGI Process Manager
php80-php-fpm.x86_64 : PHP FastCGI Process Manager
php81-php-fpm.x86_64 : PHP FastCGI Process Manager
php82-php-fpm.x86_64 : PHP FastCGI Process Manager
php83-php-fpm.x86_64 : PHP FastCGI Process Manager
php84-php-fpm.x86_64 : PHP FastCGI Process Manager
目前CentOS7的源中缺少 php8.4 的安装包。
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